Diyala Journal for Veterinary Sciences

Phenotypic, Biochemical Identification And Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern Of Staphylococcus Species From Urinary Tract Infections Among Female Sheep Breeders And Ewes With Special Emphasis To Methicillin And Vancomycin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2024-03-01T07:43:49+00:00

Aims: Isolation, phenotypic identification and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of staphylococcus species
from urinary tract infections in female sheep breeders and ewes with special emphasis to methicillin
and vancomycin resistant S. aureus
Methods: A total of 120 urine samples were collected from female sheep breeders (49) and ewes
(71) with signs of UTI were cultured on mannitol salt agar and subjected to full biochemical identification
by Vitek 2 system. Methicillin resistance was detected by Cefoxitin Screen test and MecA
gene was detected by PCR.
Results:
S. aureus was isolated from 3(4.83%), in female sheep breeders and 7(11.29%) among ewe. S.
aureus shown (100%) resistance for Penicillines and Cephalosporins, Methicillin which confirmed
early by detection of MecA gene. All MRSA was resistant to Polypeptides, (100%) for Vancomycin
and 2/3, (66%) for Teicoplanin in female sheep breeders. In ewes, All MRSA was resistant
to polypeptides antibiotics, (100%) for vancomycin and 6/7, (85.72%) for Teicoplanin. Resistance
of S. aureus to macrolides antibiotics was detected in 1/7, (14.28%) for Azithromycin. Resistance
of S. aureus to Lincosamides antibiotics, Clindamycin was detected in 1/7, (14.28%)
Conclusion: Although, S. aureus constitutes a minimal in the form of frequency as a cause of UTIs
in human and ewes, Methicillin and Vancomycin Resistant S. aureus should be considered
seriously and potentially to get rid the possible sequels

Histopathological Changes of Serratia Marcescens In Mice

2024-03-01T16:27:22+00:00

A prominent opportunistic pathogen that affects a range of hosts, including
invertebrates, plants, and mammals, has been identified as the cause of Serratia
marcescens, a gram-negative bacillus belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family.
Numerous clinical conditions are associated with it, such as meningitis, pneumonia,
keratitis, urinary tract infections, and wound infections; Given that its red colonies are
easily identifiable, Serratia marcescens is utilized as a biological marker. The current
research sought to investigate the alterations in mice immunized against Serratia
marcescens infection with (WCSA-S) of S. marcescens and (KWCA-S) of S. marcescens.
Twelve male albino mice were split up randomly into three groups (4 mice for each group)
and their histopathological changes examination was performed. The first group was
vaccinated with WCSAg-S (500 μg/ml) vaccine subcutaneously (S/C). The third group (the
negative control) was given PBS (1 ml) subcutaneously, while the second group received
KWCA-S (9 x 108cfu/ml) vaccinations (pH 7.2). After 14 days, the male albino mice were
given booster doses of the same antigens.. after 28 days of immunized groups with infective
dose (1x106 cfu/ml) of Serratia marcescens in order to determine the histopathological
changes in the internal organs (liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs, and intestine) that showed
severe histopathological changes in the positive control groups compared with other
immunized groups.

Histopathological Changes Of Dermatophytosis In Cattle Of Diyala Government

2024-03-01T16:33:19+00:00

Dermatophytosis is common contagious and infectious and contagious cutaneous diseases, the
present study describes the etiological significant of T. verrucosum in bovine dermatitis, One hundred
samples were collected from cows (male and female, with age ranged between six month to
four years) in Diyala Governorate . The skin lesion carefully dissect and used for history, pathological
change study, the results showed irregular keratin without keratinocytes, dead neutrophils
inflammatory layer, hyperkeratosis & acanthosis, necrotic hair follicle, debris of damage keratin
due to the hyphae and vascularity, also showed nodular keratin, vacuolation, apoptotic bodies,
neutrophil with septated hyphae, appear aggregation of dermatophytes clustered, and finally
showed severe aggregation of neutrophils, hemorrhage with necrotic areas in epidermis layer.

A Comparative Histomorphological Study of the Pancreas in the Chukar Partridge (Alectoris chukar )and Moorhen Bird (Gallinula chloropus)

2024-03-01T16:39:47+00:00

The objective of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the structural and histological characteristics of the pancreas in Chukar Partridges and Moorhen birds. The focus of this study was to assess the worth of these avian species in terms of their potential as viable sources for meat and egg production. The avian specimens were categorized into two distinct groups: one designated for anatomical examination, while the other was allocated for histological analysis. The pancreas in Chukar Partridge was characterized by its white, pinkish coloration and weighs around 0.880± 0.67 g. It is 8.3±1.35 cm in length and 1.3± 0.56 cm in width. The pancreas of common moorhen birds was characterized by its white to pinkish coloration. It weighs around 0.994± 0.89 g, has a length of 9.1± 1.93 cm, and a width of 1.5± 0.84 cm. From a histological perspective, it appears that the connective tissue capsule was comparatively thinner in the Chukar partridge as compared to the Moorhen bird. The connective tissue capsule spans from the septa to the parenchyma of the pancreas, exhibiting a lower abundance in the Chukar partridge compared to the moorhen bird. Serous tubulo-acinar glands were present in the exocrine glands of both birds. The acinar cells of the Chukar partridge's secretory acini had a pyramidal morphology. The secretory acini of the moorhen bird was characterized by the presence of acinar cells that have an oval, elongated form. The morphology of the islets exhibited irregular or elongated shapes in Chukar Partridge, whereas in Moorhen Bird, they appeared as oval or uneven structures. The Chukar partridge showed a greater abundance of endocrine cells compared to the Moorhen bird, as evidenced by the higher density of small blood arteries inside these cells.

Isolation, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Sensitivity of Enterobacter aerogenes in Locally Produced Cheese from Diyala Province

2024-03-01T16:42:51+00:00

Back ground: Food safety has continued to receive significant attention from consumers, food manufacturers,
and producers. Foodborne illness results from eating contaminated food.
Aims: to determine the frequency of contamination with Enterobacter aerogenes in locally produce
cheese in Diyala province
Methods: sixty cheese samples were randomly collected from Diyala province. All samples were cultured
to isolate fermented bacteria on MacConkey agar plates. Presumptive isolates were then subcultured on
XLD agar and identified biochemically using tests for urease, motility, oxidase, indole production, citrate
utilization and catalase. Identities were confirmed with the Vitek system to definitively identify isolates and
verify biochemical properties. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was then conducted on confirmed isolates
using antibiotic disks to determine susceptibility profiles.
Results: A total of 6/60,( 10%) was positive isolation rate for E. aerogenes from soft cheese samples .The
higher rate of contamination was in AL-Khalis region , (2/15%13.33% followed by Buhriz and Khan Bani
Saad ,(1/10,10%).while the lowest contaminated samples were from Al-Muqdadiyah(2/25,8%. Isolates exhibited
the highest susceptibility to Gentamicin (21.6 mm zone) and Amikacin (19.6 mm zone), while all
isolates were resistant to Methicillin, Clindamycin, Vancomycin, and Rifampicin.

Biochemical and histopathological effect of ketorolac on liver and kidney of local male rabbits

2024-03-01T17:10:27+00:00

Ketorolac is anti-inflammatory analgesic drug which have high activity to reduce pain, used in
rabbits, primary in ocular operation. In current study, the aim of it to obvious the biochemical
and histopathological effect caused by ketorolac on liver and kidney of the rabbits. Thirty local
male rabbits were used, the rabbits divided equally and randomly into three groups, first control
group, second group and third group ,each group consist of ten rabbits and the study continuous
for 14 days. The Biochemical result of this study revel normal value in first control group, the
second and third group showed significant increase in the liver enzyme, creatinine, bilirubin
and nitrogen urea. Histopathological changes showed normal histological structures of liver
and kidney in control group. Liver in second group showed cellular necrosis and hemorrhage
at 15 mg/kg of ketorolac, while injection of 30 mg/kg in third group, the liver showed complete
destruction of cell membrane. Kidney in second group showed hemorrhage at 15 mg/kg of
ketorolac while injection of 30 mg/kg of ketorolac in third group, the kidney showed glomerular
atrophy, bowman space dilation, collapsed tuft, degenerated tubules and cellular necrosis.

Comparative Evaluation of Two Doses of Midazolam Combination with Ketamine as General Anesthesia in rabbits

2024-04-25T14:16:45+00:00

Amis: The study's objective evaluated the anesthesia produced by varying concentrations of mid-azolam and ketamine on hematological and clinical parameters.
Methods: Twenty mature local breed rabbits, both sexes, were randomly categorized into two groups and with intramuscular injections of midazolam (1 mg/kg BW) and ketamine (30 mg/kg BW) in the first group, and midazolam (3 mg/kg BW) and ketamine (30 mg/kg BW) in the sec-ond. They clinically evaluated for 120 minutes, 15-minute intervals starting at zero minutes be-fore to anesthesia. In addition to body temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, analgesia, and muscle relaxation, further variables were also taken into explanation, including the phases of an-esthesia (induction of anesthesia, surgical anesthesia, and recovery period).
Results After anesthesia, the clinical respiratory parameters of both groups showed significant differences at the P0.05 level between the evaluation points in the second group and the zero time group. Furthermore, with a significant difference in both groups, a slight drop in rectal body tem-perature at 30, 45, and 60 minutes after anesthesia. In all groups, there were significant variations in heart rate between zero and 60 and 75 minutes, but not between zero and five minutes. In the categories of RBCs, WBC, HB, and PCV, hematological tests indicated only modest variance with no significant changes; only WBCs after a minute shown a mildly substantial rise concern-ing control levels.
Conclusion: In the present study, midazolam and ketamine were combined to provide a clinically effective general anesthetic. Both groups recovered quickly and easily, however it seemed that the second group have more time to recover from the anesthesia than the first group required. During induction, there was no apnea or nervousness.